The effective and responsible use of fertilizers brings significant positive contributions to the human environment. Fertilizers help in minimizing soil degradation, in particular soil erosion and plant nutrient mining, while maintaining and enhancing soil fertility as a whole. They improve farming efficiency and water conservation. Mineral fertilization, with macro- and micro-nutrients, provides for nutrient balance and optimum soil productivity to stimulate healthy, vigorous crop growth. Fertilizers allow for quick canopy cover and establishment of efficient root systems and more aboveground plant growth. Fertilizers play a positive role in carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation by improving the fixation of CO2 by crops, hence contributing to carbon sequestration.

Mismanagement of fertilizers, whether organic or inorganic, results in inefficiencies of plant nutrient use, leading to a loss in farmer profits, potential damage to the environment and inefficient use of energy. One of the most serious problems associated with improper fertilizer use is a sustained imbalance in the application of nutrients, causing a loss in soil fertility, reduced crop yields, and environmental degradation. When nutrients are over-applied, they can have an adverse effect on water quality, both surface and groundwater. The implementation of proper soil management practices, such as timely site-specific and crop-specific nutrient placements and conservation tillage, are highly effective in optimizing the efficiency of nutrient use. Innovative application techniques, such as precision farming and fertigation, enhance fertilization efficiency.

The use of mineral fertilizers is essential for the adequate production of safe, nutritious food for human consumption. Although naturally occurring substances, i.e. metal impurities or radioactive elements, may be present at varying levels in some fertilizers several risk-based scientific studies have concluded that when these natural resource-derived fertilizers are used at scientifically determined rates that take into consideration soil concentrations and characteristics, there is a wide margin of safety and they pose no threat to either human health or the environment.

Fertilizers can be effectively used in environmentally sound farming production systems through integrated plant nutrient management. Codes of Best Agriculture Practice provide practical and effective guidelines for farmers in managing agricultural systems that are both environmentally and economically sustainable.

Responsible and efficient use of fertilizers

IFA advocates the responsible and effective use of fertilizers.
IFA encourages stewardship in the production and the consumption of mineral fertilizers.
IFA is committed to work with other stakeholders in:

• Improving the overall efficiency of nutrient use within agriculture;
• Promoting best fertilization practices;
• Minimizing losses to the environment;
• Fostering sustainable agriculture;
• Promoting the training of agro-retailers and farmers in best management practices, and
• Describing environmental and economic benefits of responsible fertilizer use.

November 2001